Hair care compositions

ABSTRACT

According to the present invention there is provided a hair care composition comprising: (a) cationic saccharide polymer or copolymer wherein the cationic polymer has a charge density of greater than about 1.5 meq/g, preferably greater than about 1.6 meq/g, more preferably greater than about 1.7 meq/g, even more preferably greater than about 1.8 meq/g; and (b) less than about 5%, preferably less than about 2%, more preferably less than about 1%, even more preferably 0%, by weight, of anionic surfactant. The compositions of the present invention provide good conditioning/shine to the hair with reduced feelings of tackiness and greasiness.

The present invention relates to hair care compositions. In particular,it relates to hair care compositions which give good conditioning/shineto the hair with reduced feelings of tackiness and greasiness.

BACKGROUND TO THE INVENTION

Hair is often subjected to a wide variety of insults that can causedamage. These include shampooing, rinsing, drying, heating, combing,styling, perming, colouring, exposure to the elements etc. Thus the hairis often in a dry, rough, lusterless or frizzy condition due to abrasionof the hair surface and removal of the hair's natural oils and othernatural conditioning and moisturizing components.

A variety of approaches have been developed to alleviate theseconditions. These include the use of ultra mild shampoo compositions,the use of hair conditioning shampoos which attempt to both cleanse andcondition the hair from a single product and the use of hairconditioning formulations such as rinse-off and leave-on products.

Leave-on hair care formulations provide added advantages over the otherapproaches. For example, leave-on formulations are more cost effectiveand work for a longer duration because the conditioning ingredientsremain on the hair. They are more convenient because the consumer canuse the product at any time and does not have to wait to rinse theproduct. Also, the product may be applied to the parts of the hair mostin need of the conditioning benefits.

Cationic polysaccharides are well known in the art for providingconditioning benefits. See, for example, WO-A-97/35542, WO-A-97/35545,WO-A-97/35546, all of which describe the use of cationic polysaccharidesin conditioning shampoo compositions. GB-A-2,211,192 describes the useof cationic polysaccharides in a rinse-off conditioning composition.DE-A-4,326,866 describes a composition for use prior to cutting of thehair that comprises a cationic polysaccharide. JP-54 138 133 describeshair product compositions containing polypeptides and cationiccelluloses. However, these cationic polysaccharides are also known tocause stickiness or tackiness. This can lead to the consumer feeling thehair is dirty or greasy, especially with leave-on conditioningcompositions where there is no rinsing step.

It has now been surprisingly found that cationic saccharide polymers andcopolymers having a cationic charge density of greater than 1.5 meq/gprovide improved shine/conditioning benefits to the hair with reducedtackiness and greasiness.

While not wishing to be bound by theory, it is believed that the highcationic charge density makes the polymer more substantive to the hairproviding good conditioning benefits. The cationic groups interact withthe negative charge on the hair. Binding sites occur more frequently dueto the increased frequency of said cationic groups along the polymer.The more frequent interactions may ‘pull’ the polymer backbone intocloser association with the hair fibre thus reducing the depth of thehydrocarbon layer and reducing its tendency to interact with othersurfaces such as skin on the fingers. Hence, there is a reduced feelingof tackiness and, due to the close association of polymer and hair, anenhanced shine.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the present invention there is provided a hair carecomposition comprising:

(a) cationic saccharide polymer or copolymer wherein the cationicpolymer has a charge density of greater than about 1.5 meq/g, preferablygreater than about 1.6 meq/g, more preferably greater than about 1.7meq/g, even more preferably greater than about 1.8 meq/g; and

(b) less than about 5%, preferably less than about 2%, more preferablyless than about 1%, even more preferably 0%, by weight, of anionicsurfactant.

The compositions of the present invention have reduced tackiness andgreasiness while delivering good conditioning/shine benefits.

All concentrations and ratios herein are by weight of the hair carecomposition, unless otherwise specified.

All averages are weight averages unless otherwise specified.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

The hair care compositions of the present invention comprise two mainelements, cationic polymers or copolymers of saccharides and less than5% anionic surfactant. These elements will be described in more detailbelow.

As used herein the terms “tacky” and “tackiness” means the adhesivefeeling of the hair after the application of some hair carecompositions.

As used herein the term “leave-on” means a hair care composition that isintended to be used without a rinsing step. Therefore, leave-oncompositions will generally be left on the hair until the consumer nextwashes their hair as part of their cleansing regimen. Leave-on willgenerally comprise less than about 5% of anionic surfactant and willgenerally comprise less than 5% of non-ionic surfactant.

Cationic Polymers or Copolymers of Saccharides

An essential feature of the compositions of the present invention isthat they comprise a cationic polymer or copolymer of saccharide. Thecationic saccharides of the present compositions have a cationic chargedensity of greater than about 1.5 meq/g, preferably greater than about1.6 meq/g, more preferably greater than about 1.7 meq/g, even morepreferably greater than about 1.8 meq/g. Generally the cationic polymerswill have a cationic charge density of less than about 5 meq/g,preferably less than about 3.5 meq/g, more preferably less than about2.5 meq/g, even more preferably less than about 2.2 meq/g.

The “cationic charge density” of a polymer refers to the ratio of thenumber of positive charges on a monomeric unit of which the polymer iscomprised to the molecular weight of said monomeric unit, i.e.:${{Cationic}\quad {Charge}\quad {Density}} = \frac{{number}\quad {of}\quad {positive}\quad {charges}}{{monomeric}\quad {unit}\quad {molecular}\quad {weight}}$

The cationic charge density of the cationic polymers herein can bedetermined using the Kjeldahl Method (United StatesPharmacopoeia—Chemical tests—<461> Nitrogen Determination—method II).Those skilled in the art will recognise that the charge density of someof the polymers herein may vary depending upon pH and the isoelectricpoint of the cationic charge groups. The charge density should be withinthe above limits at the pH of intended use.

The cationic saccharides of the present invention generally comprisefrom about 1% to about 10%, preferably from about 2% to about 5%, morepreferably from about 2.3% to about 3%, even more preferably from about2.5% to about 2.9%, by weight, of cationic nitrogen.

The concentration of the cationic saccharide should be sufficient toprovide the desired conditioning benefits. Such concentrations generallyrange from about 0.001% to about 20%, preferably from about 0.005% toabout 10%, more preferably from about 0.01% to about 2%, even morepreferably from about 0.05% to about 1%, by weight, of the totalcomposition.

The cationic saccharides for use herein will generally have an averagemolecular weight of from about 5000 to about 10 million, preferably fromabout 100,000 to about 5 million, more preferably from about 500,000 toabout 2 million, even more preferably from about 1 million to about 1.5million.

Suitable cationic saccharides for use in the present invention includecationic polysaccharides and cationic copolymers of saccharides,preferred are cationic polysaccharides.

The cationic polymers for use herein are cationic polymers andcopolymers of saccharides. The cationic polysaccharides useful in thepresent invention include those polymers based on 5 or 6 carbon sugarsand derivatives which have been made water-soluble by, for example,derivatising them with ethylene oxide. These polymers may be bonded viaany of several arrangements, such as 1,4-α, 1,4-β, 1,3-α, 1,3-β and 1,6linkages. The monomers may be in straight chain or branched chaingeometric arrangements.

Suitable non-limiting examples of cationic polysaccharides include thosebased on the following: celluloses and hydroxyalkylcelluloses; starchesand hydroxyalkylstarches; polymers based on arabinose monomers; polymersderived from xylose monomers; polymers derived from fucose monomers;polymers derived from fructose monomers; polymers based onacid-containing sugar monomers such as galacturonic acid and glucuronicacid; polymers based on amine sugar monomers such as galactosamine andglucosamine, particularly acetylglucosamine; polymers based on 5 or 6membered ring polyalcohol monomers; polymers based on galactosemonomers; polymers based on mannose monomers and polymers based ongalactomannan monomers.

Preferred for providing shine and conditioning benefits to the hair withreduced tack and greasiness are cationic polymers based on cellulose,hyroxyalkylcellulose, acetylglucosamine and derivatives. More preferredare cationic polymers based on hydroxyalkylcelluloses, especiallyhydroxyethylcellulose. Non-limiting examples of suitable cationicpolymers are those available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) assalts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with trimethyl ammoniumsubstituted epoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) asPolyquaternium 10. Background material on these polymers and theirmanufacture, can be found in U.S. Pat. No. 3,472,840 (issued Oct. 14,1969 to Stone), herein incorporated by reference. Other types ofcationic cellulose include the polymeric quaternary ammonium salts ofhydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with lauryl dimethyl ammonium-substitutedepoxide, referred to in the industry (CTFA) as Polyquatemium 24,available from Amerchol Corp. (Edison, N.J., USA) and polymericquaternary ammonium salts of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with diallyldimethyl ammonium chloride, referred to in the industry (CTFA) asPolyquaternium 4, available from National Starch (Salisbury, N.C., USA).

The cationic copolymers of saccharides useful in the present inventionencompass those containing the following saccharide monomers and theirderivatives: glucose, galactose, mannose, arabinose, xylose, fucose,fructose, glucosamine, galactosamine, glucuronic acid, galacturonicacid, and 5 or 6 membered ring polyalcohols. Also included arehydroxymethyl, hydroxyethyl and hydroxypropyl derivatives of the abovesugars. When saccharides are bonded to each other in the copolymers,they may be bonded via any of several arrangements, such as 1,4-α,1,4-β, 1,3-α, 1,3-β and 1,6 linkages. Any other monomers can be used aslong as the resultant polymer is suitable for use in hair care.Non-limiting examples of other monomers useful herein includedimethyldiallylammonium chloride, dimethylaminoethylmethyl acrylate,diethyldiallylammonium chloride, N,N-diallyl,N-N-dialkyl ammoniumhalides, and the like.

Anionic Surfactant

A second essential feature of the compositions of the present inventionis that they comprise less than about 5%, preferably less than about 4%,more preferably. less than about 2%, even more preferably less thanabout 1%, even more preferably still 0%, by weight, of an anionicsurfactant. As used herein, “anionic surfactant” means anionicsurfactants and zwitterionic or amphoteric surfactants which have anattached group that is anionic at the pH of the composition, or acombination thereof.

Examples of anionic surfactants are alkyl sulphates and alkyl ethersulphates. These materials have the respective formulae ROSO₃M andRO(C₂H₄O)_(x)SO₃M, wherein R is an alkyl or alkenyl group of from about8 to about 18 carbon atoms, x is an integer having a value of from 1 to10 and M is a cation such as ammonium, alkanolamines such astriethanolamine, monovalent metals such as sodium and potassium andpolyvalent metal cations such as magnesium and calcium.

Other examples of anionic surfactants are the water-soluble salts oforganic, sulphuric acid reactions products conforming to the formula[R¹—SO₃—M] where R¹ is a straight or a branched chain, saturated,aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having from about 8 to about 24 carbonatoms and M is a cation as described hereinabove.

Still other examples of anionic surfactants are the reaction products offatty acids esterified with isoethionic acid and neutralised with sodiumhydroxide where, for example, the fatty acids are derived from coconutoil or palm kernel oil, sodium or potassium salts of fatty acid amidesof methyl tauride in which the fatty acids, for example, are derivedfrom coconut oil or palm kernel oil.

Further examples of anionic surfactants are the succinates, examples ofwhich include disodium N-octadecylsulphosuccinate, disodium laurylsulphosuccinate, diammonium lauryl sulphosuccinate, diamyl ester ofsodium sulphosuccinic acid, dihexyl ester of sodium sulphosuccinic acidand dioctyl ester of sodium sulphosuccinic acid.

Still further examples of anionic surfactants includes olefinsulphonates having from about 10 to about 24 carbon atoms. In thiscontext, the term “olefin sulphonate” refers to compounds which can beproduced by the sulphonation of α-olefins by means of uncomplexedsulphur trioxide, followed by neutralisation of the acid reactionmixture in conditions such that any sulphones which have formed in thereaction are hydrolysed to give the correspondinghydroxy-alkanesulphonates.

Another class of anionic surfactants are the β-alkyloxy sulphonates.These surfactants conform to the formula

where R1 is a straight chain alkyl group having from about 6 to about 20carbon atoms, R2 is a lower alkyl group having from about 1 to about 3carbon atoms and M is a water-soluble cation as described hereinabove.

Optional Ingredients

The hair care compositions of the present invention can further comprisea number of optional ingredients. Some non-limiting examples of theseoptional ingredients are given below.

Silicone Conditioning Agent

The compositions of the present invention may optionally include asilicone conditioning component. The silicone conditioning component maycomprise volatile silicone, nonvolatile silicone, or mixtures thereof.As used herein, “nonvolatile” refers to silicone material with little orno significant vapour pressure under ambient conditions, as isunderstood by those in the art. Boiling point under one atmosphere (atm)will preferably be at least about 250° C., more preferably at leastabout 275° C., most preferably at least about 300° C. Vapour pressure ispreferably about 0.2 mm Hg at 25° C. or less, preferably about 0.1 mm Hgat 25° C. or less.

The silicone conditioning component for use herein can be a siliconefluid, a silicone gums, silicone resins and mixtures thereof. Referencesdisclosing non-limiting examples of some suitable silicone hairconditioning agents, and optional suspending agents for the silicone,are described in WO-A-94/08557 (Brock et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 5,756,436(Royce et al.), U.S. Pat. No. 5,104,646 (Bolich Jr. et al.), U.S. Pat.No. 5,106,609 (Bolich Jr. et al.) and U.S. Reissue 34,584 (Grote et al.)British Patent 849,433, all of which are incorporated herein byreference.

Silicone resins are highly cross-linked siloxane systems where thecrosslinking is introduced through the incorporation of trifunctionaland tetrafunctional silanes with monofunctional or difunctional, orboth, silanes during manufacture of the silicone resin. As is wellunderstood in the art, the degree of crosslinking that is required inorder to result in a silicone resin will vary according to the specificsilane units incorporated into the silicone resin. In general, siliconematerials which have a sufficient level of trifunctional andtetrafunctional siloxane monomer units (and hence, a sufficient level ofcrosslinking) such that they dry down to a rigid, or hard, film areconsidered to be silicone resins. The ratio of oxygen atoms to siliconatoms is indicative of the level of crosslinking in a particularsilicone material. Silicone materials which have at least about 1.1oxygen atoms per silicon atom will generally be silicone resins herein.Preferably, the ratio of oxygen:silicon atoms is at least about 1.2:1.0.Silanes used in the manufacture of silicone resins include monomethyl,dimethyl, trimethyl, monophenyl, diphenyl, methylphenyl, ethylphenyl,propylphenyl, monovinyl, and methylvinylchlorosilanes, andtetrachlorosilane.

If present, the silicone resin will generally comprise from about 0.001%to about 10%, preferably from about 0.005% to about 5%, more preferablyfrom about 0.01% to about 2%, even more preferably from about 0.1% toabout 1%, by weight, of the total composition.

Any polysiloxane resin suitable for use in hair care compositions may beused herein including those possessing hydrogen, hydroxy, alkyl, aryl,alkoxy, alkaryl, arylalkyl arylalkoxy, alkaryloxy and alkaminosubstituents. However, preferred polysiloxane resins have at least onesubstituent group possessing delocalised electrons. This substituent canbe selected from alkyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkaryl, arylalkyl arylalkoxy,alkaryloxy, and combinations thereof. Preferred are aryl, arylalkyl andalkaryl substituents. More preferred are alkaryl and arylalkylsubstituents. Evan more preferred are alkaryl substituents, particularly2-phenyl propyl. Whereas it is preferred that at least one substituenthave delocalised electrons, the resins herein will also generally haveother substituents without delocalised electrons. Such othersubstituents can include hydrogen, hydroxyl, alkyl, alkoxy, aminofunctionalities and mixtures thereof. Preferred are alkyl substituents,especially methyl substituents.

As used herein the term “aryl” means a functionality containing one ormore homocyclic or heterocyclic rings. The aryl functionalities hereincan be unsubstituted or substituted and generally contain from 3 to 16carbon atoms. Preferred aryl groups include, but are not limited to,phenyl, naphthyl, cyclopentadienyl, anthracyl, pyrene, pyridine,pyrimidine

As used herein the term “alkyl” means a saturated or unsaturated,substituted or unsubstituted, straight or branched-chain, hydrocarbonhaving from 1 to 10 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Theterm “alkyl” therefore includes alkenyls having from 2 to 8, preferably2 to 4, carbons and alkynyls having from 2 to 8, preferably 2 to 4,carbons. Preferred alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl,ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, and butyl. More preferred are methyl, ethyland propyl.

As used herein the term “alkaryl” means a substituent comprising analkyl moiety and an aryl moiety wherein the alkyl moiety is bonded tothe siloxane resin.

As used herein the term “arylalkyl” means a substituent comprising anaryl moiety and an alkyl moiety wherein the aryl moiety is bonded to thesiloxane resin.

Silicone materials and silicone resins in particular, can convenientlybe identified according to a shorthand nomenclature system well known tothose skilled in the art as “MDTQ” nomenclature. Under this system, thesilicone is described according to presence of various siloxane monomerunits which make up the silicone. Briefly, the symbol M denotes themonofunctional unit (CH₃)₃SiO_(0.5); D denotes the difunctional unit(CH₃)₂SiO; T denotes the trifunctional unit (CH₃)SiO_(1.5); and Qdenotes the quadri- or tetra-functional unit SiO₂. Primes of the unitsymbols, e.g., M′, D′, T′, and Q′ denote siloxane units with one or moresubstituents other than methyl, and must be specifically defined foreach occurrence. Therefore, the preferred polysiloxane resins for useherein have at least one M′, D′, T′ or Q′ functionality that possesses asubstituent group with delocalised electrons. Preferred substituents areas defined hereinabove. The molar ratios of the various units, either interms of subscripts to the symbols indicating the total number of eachtype of unit in the silicone (or an average thereof) or as specificallyindicated ratios in combination with molecular weight complete thedescription of the silicone material under the MDTQ system.

Preferred polysiloxane resins for use herein are MQ and M′Q resins, morepreferred are M′Q resins especially M′₆Q₃, M′₈Q₄, M′₁₀Q₅, M′₁₂Q₆ resinsand mixture thereof. Preferred M′Q resins are those which have at leastone group containing delocalised electrons substituted on each M′functionality. More preferred are resins where the other substituentgroups are alkyl, especially methyl.

The polysiloxane resins for use herein will preferably have a viscosityof less than about 5000 mm²s⁻¹, more preferably less than about 2000mm²s⁻¹, even more preferably less than about 1000 mm²s⁻¹, even morestill preferably less than about 600 mm²s⁻¹, at 25° C. The viscosity canbe measured by means of a Cannon-Fenske Routine Viscometer (ASTM D-445).

Background material on polysiloxane resins suitable for use herein,including details of their manufacture, can be found in U.S. Pat. Nos.5,539,137; 5,672,338; 5,686,547 and 5,684,112, all of which areincorporated herein by reference.

Silicone fluids for use in the present compositions include siliconeoils which are flowable silicone materials with a viscosity of less than1,000,000 mm²s⁻¹, preferably between about 5 and 1,000,000 mm²s⁻¹, morepreferably between about 10 and about 600,000 mm²s⁻¹, more preferablybetween about 10 and about 500,000 mm²s⁻¹, most preferably between 10and 350,000 mm²s⁻¹ at 25° C. The viscosity can be measured by means of aglass capillary viscometer as set forth in Dow Corning Corporate TestMethod CTM0004, Jul. 20, 1970. Suitable silicone oils include polyalkylsiloxanes, polyaryl siloxanes, polyarylalkyl siloxanes, polyalkarylsiloxanes, polyether siloxane copolymers, and mixtures thereof. Otherinsoluble, nonvolatile silicone fluids having conditioning propertiescan also be used.

Silicone oils for use in the composition include polyalkyl or polyarylsiloxanes which conform to following formula:

where R is aliphatic, preferably alkyl or alkenyl, or aryl, R can besubstituted or unsubstituted, and x is an integer from 1 to about 8,000.Suitable unsubstituted R groups include alkoxy, aryloxy, alkaryl,arylalkyl, alkamino, and ether-substituted, hydroxyl-substituted, andhalogen-substituted aliphatic and aryl groups. Suitable R groups alsoinclude cationic amines and quaternary ammonium groups.

The aliphatic or aryl groups substituted on the siloxane chain may haveany structure as long as the resulting silicones remain fluid at roomtemperature, are hydrophobic, are neither irritating, toxic norotherwise harmful when applied to the hair, are compatible with theother components of the herein described hair care compositions, arechemically stable under normal use and storage conditions, are insolublein the compositions of the present invention and are capable ofconditioning the hair.

The two R groups on the silicon atom of each monomeric silicone unit mayrepresent the same group or different groups. Preferably, the two Rgroups represent the same group.

Preferred alkyl and alkenyl substituents are C₁-C₅ alkyls and alkenyls,more preferably from C₁-C₄, most preferably from C₁-C₂. The aliphaticportions of other alkyl-, alkenyl-, or alkynyl-containing groups (suchas alkoxy, alkaryl, and alkamino) can be straight or branched chains andpreferably have from one to five carbon atoms, more preferably from oneto four carbon atoms, even more preferably from one to three carbonatoms, most preferably from one to two carbon atoms. As discussed above,the R substituents hereof can also contain amino functionalities, e.g.alkamino groups, which can be primary, secondary or tertiary amines orquaternary ammonium. These include mono-, di- and tri-alkylamino andalkoxyamino groups wherein the aliphatic portion chain length ispreferably as described above. The R substituents can also besubstituted with other groups, such as halogens (e.g. chloride,fluoride, and bromide), halogenated aliphatic or aryl groups, andhydroxy (e.g. hydroxy substituted aliphatic groups). Suitablehalogenated R groups could include, for example, tri-halogenated(preferably fluoro) alkyl groups such as —R¹—C(F)₃, wherein R¹ is C₁-C₃alkyl. Examples of such polysiloxanes include polymethyl-3,3,3trifluoropropylsiloxane.

Suitable R groups include methyl, ethyl, propyl, phenyl, methylphenyland phenylmethyl. The preferred silicones are polydimethyl siloxane,polydiethylsiloxane, and polymethylphenylsiloxane. Polydimethylsiloxaneis especially preferred. Other suitable R groups include methyl,methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and aryloxy. The three R groups on the endcaps of the silicone may also represent the same or different groups.

The nonvolatile polyalkylsiloxane fluids that may be used include, forexample, polydimethylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, forexample, from the General Electric Company in their Viscasil R and SF 96series, and from Dow Corning in their Dow Corning 200 series.

The polyalkylaryl siloxane fluids that may be used, also include, forexample, polymethylphenylsiloxanes. These siloxanes are available, forexample, from the General Electric Company as SF 1075 methyl phenylfluid or from Dow Corning as 556 Cosmetic Grade Fluid.

The polyether siloxane copolymers that may be used include, for example,a polypropylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane (e.g., Dow CorningDC-1248) although ethylene oxide or mixtures of ethylene oxide andpropylene oxide may also be used. For insoluble silicones the ethyleneoxide and polypropylene oxide level must be sufficiently low to preventsolubility in water and the composition hereof.

Other suitable silicone fluids for use in the silicone conditioningagents are insoluble silicone gums. These gums are polyorganosiloxanematerials having a viscosity at 25° C. of greater than or equal to1,000,000 centistokes. Silicone gums are described in U.S. Pat. No.4,152,416; Noll and Walter, Chemistry and Technology of Silicones, NewYork: Academic Press 1968; and in General Electric Silicone RubberProduct Data Sheets SE 30, SE 33, SE 54 and SE 76, all of which areincorporated herein by reference. The silicone gums will typically havea mass molecular weight in excess of about 200,000, generally betweenabout 200,000 and about 1,000,000, specific examples of which includepolydimethylsiloxane, (polydimethylsiloxane) (methylvinylsiloxane)copolymer, poly(dimethylsiloxane) (diphenylsiloxane)(methylvinylsiloxane) copolymer and mixtures thereof.

The silicone conditioning agent can also comprise a mixture ofpolydimethylsiloxane gum (viscosity greater than about 1,000,000centistokes) and polydimethylsiloxane oil (viscosity from about 10 toabout 100,000 centistokes), wherein the ratio of gum to fluid is fromabout 30:70 to about 70:30, preferably from about 40:60 to about 60:40.

The number average particle size of the optional silicone component canvary widely without limitation and will depend on the formulation and/orthe desired characteristics. Number average particle sizes preferred foruse in the present invention will typically range from about 10nanometres to about 100 microns, more preferably from about 30nanometres to about 20 microns.

Background material on silicones including sections discussing siliconefluids, gums, and resins, as well as manufacture of silicones, can befound in Encyclopaedia of Polymer Science and Engineering (Volume 15,Second Edition, pp. 204-308, John Wiley & Sons, Incorporated, 1989),incorporated herein by reference.

A preferred silicone conditioning agent from the viewpoint of improvingshine is a silicone resin.

Cationic Conditioning Agents

The compositions of the present invention can also comprise one or moreadditional cationic polymeric conditioning agents. The cationic polymerconditioning agents will preferably be water soluble. The total level ofcationic polymers in the compositions of the present invention istypically from about 0.001% to about 20%, more typically from about0.005% to about 10%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 2%, by weight.

By “water soluble” cationic polymer, what is meant is a polymer which issufficiently soluble in water to form a substantially clear solution tothe naked eye at a concentration of 0.1% in water (distilled orequivalent) at 25° C. Preferably, the polymer will be sufficientlysoluble to form a substantially clear solution at 0.5% concentration,more preferably at 1.0% concentration.

As used herein, the term “polymer” shall include materials whether madeby polymerization of one type of monomer or made by two (i.e.,copolymers) or more types of monomers.

The cationic polymers hereof will generally have a weight averagemolecular weight which is at least about 5,000, typically at least about10,000, and is less than about 10 million. Preferably, the molecularweight is from about 100,000 to about 2 million. The cationic polymerswill generally have cationic nitrogen-containing moieties such asquaternary ammonium or cationic amino moieties, and mixtures thereof.

The cationic charge density will be preferably at least about 0.1 meq/g,more preferably at least about 0.5 meq/g, even more preferably at leastabout 1.1 meq/g, most preferably at least about 1.2 meq/g. Generally,for practical purposes, the cationic polymers will have a cationiccharge density of less than about 7 meq/g, preferably less than about 5meq/g, more preferably less than about 3.5 meq/g, even more preferablyless than about 2.5 meq/g. Cationic charge density of the cationicpolymer can be determined using the Kjeldahl Method (United StatesPharmacopoeia—Chemical tests—<461> Nitrogen Determination—method II).Those skilled in the art will recognise that the charge density ofamino-containing polymers may vary depending upon pH and the isoelectricpoint of the amino groups. The charge density should be within the abovelimits at the pH of intended use.

Any anionic counterions can be utilized for the cationic polymers solong as the water solubility criteria is met. Suitable counterionsinclude halides (e.g., Cl, Br, I, or F, preferably Cl, Br, or I),sulfate, and methylsulfate. Others can also be used, as this list is notexclusive.

The cationic nitrogen-containing moiety will be present generally as asubstituent, on a fraction of the total monomer units of the cationichair conditioning polymers.

Thus, the cationic polymer can comprise copolymers, terpolymers, etc. ofquaternary ammonium or cationic amine-substituted monomer units andother non-cationic units referred to herein as spacer monomer units.Such polymers are known in the art, and a variety can be found in theCTFA International Cosmetic Ingredient Dictionary and Handbook, 7thedition, edited by Wenninger and McEwen, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, andFragrance Association, Inc., Washington, D.C., 1997).

Suitable cationic polymers include, for example, copolymers of vinylmonomers having cationic amine or quaternary ammonium functionalitieswith water soluble spacer monomers such as acrylamide, methacrylamide,alkyl and dialkyl acrylamides, alkyl and dialkyl methacrylamides, alkylacrylate, alkyl methacrylate, vinyl caprolactone, and vinyl pyrrolidone.The alkyl and dialkyl substituted monomers preferably have C₁-C₇ alkylgroups, more preferably C₁-C₃ alkyl groups. Other suitable spacermonomers include vinyl esters, vinyl alcohol (made by hydrolysis ofpolyvinyl acetate), maleic anhydride, propylene glycol, and ethyleneglycol.

The cationic amines can be primary, secondary, or tertiary amines,depending upon the particular species and the pH of the composition. Ingeneral, secondary and tertiary amines, especially tertiary amines, arepreferred.

Amine-substituted vinyl monomers can be polymerised in the amine form,and then optionally can be converted to ammonium by a quaternizationreaction. Amines can also be similarly quaternized subsequent toformation of the polymer. For example, tertiary amine functionalitiescan be quaternized by reaction with a salt of the formula R′X wherein R′is a short chain alkyl, preferably a C₁-C₇ alkyl, more preferably aC₁-C₃ alkyl, and X is an anion which forms a water soluble salt with thequaternized ammonium.

Suitable cationic amino and quaternary ammonium monomers include, forexample, vinyl compounds substituted with dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate,dialkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, monoalkylaminoalkyl acrylate,monoalkylaminoalkyl methacrylate, trialkyl methacryloxyalkyl ammoniumsalt, trialkyl acryloxyalkyl ammonium salt, diallyl quaternary ammoniumsalts, and vinyl quaternary ammonium monomers having cyclic cationicnitrogen-containing rings such as pyridinium, imidazolium, andquaternized pyrrolidone, e.g., alkyl vinyl imidazolium, alkyl vinylpyridinium, alkyl vinyl pyrrolidone salts. The alkyl portions of thesemonomers are preferably lower alkyls such as the C₁-C₃ alkyls, morepreferably C₁ and C₂ alkyls. Suitable amine-substituted vinyl monomersfor use herein include dialkylaminoalkyl acrylate, dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylate, dialkylaminoalkyl acrylamide, and dialkylaminoalkylmethacrylamide, wherein the alkyl groups are preferably C₁-C₇hydrocarbyls, more preferably C₁-C₃, alkyls.

The cationic polymers hereof can comprise mixtures of monomer unitsderived from amine- and/or quaternary ammonium-substituted monomerand/or compatible spacer monomers.

Suitable cationic hair conditioning polymers include, for example:copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and 1-vinyl-3-methylimidazolium salt(e.g., chloride salt) (referred to in the industry by the Cosmetic,Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, “CTFA”, as Polyquaternium-16), suchas those commercially available from BASF Wyandotte Corp. (Parsippany,N.J., USA) under the LUVIQUAT tradename (e.g., LUVIQUAT FC 370);copolymers of 1-vinyl-2-pyrrolidone and dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate(referred to in the industry by CTFA as Polyquaternium-11) such as thosecommercially available from Gaf Corporation (Wayne, N.J., USA) under theGAFQUAT tradename (e.g., GAFQUAT 755N); cationic diallyl quaternaryammonium-containing polymers, including, for example,dimethyldiallylammonium chloride homopolymer and copolymers ofacrylamide and dimethyldiallylammonium chloride, referred to in theindustry (CTFA) as Polyquaternium 6 and Polyquaternium 7, respectively;and mineral acid salts of amino-alkyl esters of homo- and co-polymers ofunsaturated carboxylic acids having from 3 to 5 carbon atoms, asdescribed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,009,256, incorporated herein by reference.

As discussed above, the cationic polymer hereof is water soluble. Thisdoes not mean, however, that it must be soluble in the composition.Preferably however, the cationic polymer is either soluble in thecomposition, or in a complex coacervate phase in the composition formedby the cationic polymer and anionic material. Complex coacervates of thecationic polymer can be formed with anionic surfactants or with anionicpolymers that can optionally be added to the compositions hereof (e.g.,sodium polystyrene sulfonate).

Sensates

The hair care compositions of the present invention may also comprise asensate. As used herein the term “sensate” means a substance that, whenapplied to the skin, causes a perceived sensation of a change inconditions, for example, but not limited to, heating, cooling,refreshing and the like.

Sensates are preferably utilized at levels of from about 0.001% to about10%, more preferably from about 0.005% to about 5%, even more preferablyfrom about 0.01% to about 1%, by weight, of the total composition.

Any sensate suitable for use in hair care compositions may be usedherein. A non-limiting, exemplary list of suitable sensates can be foundin GB-B-1315626, GB-B-1404596 and GB-B-1411785, all incorporated byreference herein. Preferred sensates for use in the compositions hereinare camphor, menthol, I-isopulegol, ethyl menthane carboxamide andtrimethyl isopropyl butanamide.

C₁-C₆ Aliphatic Alcohols

The compositions of the present invention may optionally comprise C₁-C₆,preferably C₂-C₃, more preferably C₂, aliphatic alcohol. The aliphaticalcohol will generally comprise from about 1% to about 75%, preferablyfrom about 10% to about 40%, more preferably from about 15% to about30%, even more preferably from about 18% to about 26%, by weight, of thetotal composition.

Viscosity Modifier

The compositions of the present invention can also comprise viscositymodifiers. Any viscosity modifier suitable for use in hair carecompositions may be used herein. Generally, if present, the viscositymodifier will comprise from about 0.01% to about 10%, preferably fromabout 0.05% to about 5%, more preferably from about 0.1% to about 3%, byweight, of the total composition. A non-limiting list of suitableviscosity modifiers can be found in the CTFA International CosmeticIngredient Dictionary and Handbook, 7th edition, edited by Wenninger andMcEwen, (The Cosmetic, Toiletry, and Fragrance Association, Inc.,Washington, D.C., 1997), herein incorporated by reference.

Suitable viscosity modifiers for use herein include shear sensitiveviscosity modifiers. As used herein “shear sensitive viscositymodifiers” means viscosity modifiers that can form compositions whoseviscosity decreases at low shear rates. Shear rate (s⁻¹) can be definedas the ratio of the velocity (ms⁻¹) of material to its distance from astationary object (m). Shear rates of less than about 250s⁻¹ can bethought of as “low shear rates”. Any shear sensitive viscosity modifiersuitable for use in hair care may be used herein However, preferred foruse herein are viscosity modifiers which form compositions whoseviscosity decreases at a shear rate of less than about 1001s⁻¹, morepreferably less than about 50s⁻¹. In addition, preferred shear sensitiveviscosity modifiers are those which can form compositions whoseviscosity decreases by more than about 30%, preferably more than about50%, more preferably more than about 70%, even more preferably more thanabout 80% at a shear rate of 50s⁻¹.

Preferred viscosity modifiers for use herein are those which formcompositions whose viscosity is also sensitive to the electrolyteconcentration in the aqueous phase, known hereafter as “salt sensitiveviscosity modifiers”. Background material on the properties of saltsensitive viscosity modifiers can be found in American Chemical SocietySymposium Series (1991), Vol. 462, pp101-120, incorporated herein byreference. Any salt sensitive viscosity modifier suitable for use inhair care compositions may be used herein.

Examples of suitable viscosity modifiers include, but are not limitedto, synthetic hectorites, carboxylic anionic polymers/copolymers andcarboxylic anionic cross-linked polymers/copolymers. Preferred for useherein are carboxylic anionic cross-linked polymers and copolymers. Morepreferred are carboxylic anionic cross-linked copolymers.

The synthetic hectorites useful herein are synthetic layered silicatessuch as sodium-magnesium silicate. Examples of suitable synthetichectorites include those available from Laporte Plc., United Kingdomunder the trade name Laponite.

The carboxylic anionic copolymers useful herein can behydrophobically-modified cross-linked copolymers of carboxylic acid andalkyl carboxylate, and have an amphiphilic property. These carboxylicanionic copolymers are obtained by copolymerising 1) a carboxylic acidmonomer such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleicanhydride, itaconic acid, fumaric acid, crotonic acid, orα-chloroacrylic acid, 2) a carboxylic ester having an alkyl chain offrom 1 to about 30 carbons, and preferably 3) a crosslinking agent ofthe following formula:

wherein R¹ is a hydrogen or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about30 carbons; Y¹, independently, is oxygen, CH₂O, COO, OCO,

or

wherein R² is a hydrogen or an alkyl group having from about 1 to about30 carbons; and Y² is selected from (CH₂)_(m″), (CH₂CH₂O)_(m″), or(CH₂CH₂CH₂O)_(m″) wherein m″ is an integer of from 1 to about 30.

Suitable carboxylic anionic copolymers herein are acrylic acid/alkylacrylate copolymers having the following formula:

wherein R², independently, is a hydrogen or an alkyl of 1 to 30 carbonswherein at least one of R² is a hydrogen, R¹ is as defined above, n, n′,m and m′ are integers in which n+n′+m+m′ is from about 40 to about 100,n″ is an integer of from 1 to about 30, and P is defined so that thecopolymer has a molecular weight of about 5000 to about 3,000,000.

Neutralizing agents may be included to neutralize the carboxylic anioniccopolymers herein. Non-limiting examples of such neutralizing agentsinclude sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, ammonium hydroxide,monethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, diisopropanolamine,aminomethylpropanol, tromethamine, tetrahydroxypropyl ethylenediamine,and mixtures thereof.

Non-limiting examples of suitable carboxylic anionic viscositymodifiers, including details of their manufacture, can be found in U.S.Pat. Nos. 3,940,351; 5,288,814; 5,349,030; 5,373,044 and 5,468,797, allof which are incorporated herein by reference. Examples of carboxylicanionic viscosity modifiers include those available from B. F. Goodrich,Cleveland, Ohio, USA under the trade names Pemulen TR-1, Pemulen TR-2,Carbopol 980, Carbopol 981, Carbopol ETD-2020, Carbopol ETD-2050 andCarbopol Ultrez 10. Preferred are Carbopol ETD-2020, Carbopol ETD-2050and Carbopol Ultrez 10, especially Carbopol Ultrez 10.

Particularly preferred viscosity modifiers for use herein from theviewpoint of improving spreadability, reducing tack and improving shineare carboxylic anionic viscosity modifiers such as Carbopol Ultrez 10.

Polyethylene Glycol Derivatives of Glycerides

Suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides include anypolyethylene glycol derivative of glycerides which are water-soluble andwhich are suitable for use in a hair care composition. Suitablepolyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides for use herein includederivatives of mono-, di- and tri-glycerides and mixtures thereof.

One class of polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides suitableherein are those which conform to the general formula (I):

wherein n, the degree of ethoxylation, is from about 4 to about 200,preferably from about 5 to about 150, more preferably from about 20 toabout 120, and wherein R comprises an aliphatic radical having fromabout 5 to about 25 carbon atoms, preferably from about 7 to about 20carbon atoms.

Suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides can bepolyethylene glycol derivatives of hydrogenated castor oil. For example,PEG-20 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-30 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG40hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-45 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-50hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-54 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-55hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil, PEG-80hydrogenated castor oil, and PEG-100 hydrogenated castor oil. Preferredfor use in the compositions herein is PEG-60 hydrogenated castor oil.

Other suitable polyethylene glycol derivatives of glycerides can bepolyethylene glycol derivatives of stearic acid. For example, PEG-30stearate, PEG40 stearate, PEG-50 stearate, PEG-75 stearate, PEG-90stearate, PEG-100 stearate, PEG-120 stearate, and PEG-150 stearate.Preferred for use in the compositions herein is PEG-100 stearate.

Cationic Surfactant

Cationic surfactants useful in compositions of the present invention,contain amino or quaternary ammonium moieties. The cationic surfactantwill preferably, though not necessarily, be insoluble in thecompositions hereof. Cationic surfactants among those useful herein aredisclosed in the following documents, all incorporated by referenceherein: M.C. Publishing Co., McCutcheon's, Detercients & Emulsifiers,(North American edition 1979); Schwartz, et al.; Surface Active Agents,Their Chemistry and Technoloqy, New York: Interscience Publishers, 1949;U.S. Pat. No. 3,155,591, Hilfer, issued Nov. 3, 1964; U.S. Pat. No.3,929,678, Laughlin et al., issued Dec. 30, 1975; U.S. Pat. No.3,959,461, Bailey et al., issued May 25, 1976; and U.S. Pat. No.4,387,090, Bolich, Jr., issued Jun. 7, 1983.

Among the quaternary ammonium-containing cationic surfactant materialsuseful herein are those of the general formula:

wherein R₁-R₄ are independently an aliphatic group of from about 1 toabout 22 carbon atoms or an aromatic, alkoxy, polyoxyalkylene,alkylamido, hydroxyalkyl, aryl or alkylaryl group having from about 1 toabout 22 carbon atoms; and X is a salt-forming anion such as thoseselected from halogen, (e.g. chloride, bromide), acetate, citrate,lactate, glycolate, phosphate nitrate, sulfate, and alkylsulfateradicals. The aliphatic groups may contain, in addition to carbon andhydrogen atoms, ether linkages, and other groups such as amino groups.The longer chain aliphatic groups, e.g., those of about 12 carbons, orhigher, can be saturated or unsaturated. Especially preferred aremono-long chain (e.g., mono C₁₂-C₂₂, preferably C₁₂-C₁₈, more preferablyC₁₆, aliphatic, preferably alkyl), di-short chain (e.g., C₁-C₃ alkyl,preferably C₁-C₂ alkyl) quaternary ammonium salts.

Salts of primary, secondary and tertiary fatty amines are also suitablecationic surfactant materials. The alkyl groups of such aminespreferably have from about 12 to about 22 carbon atoms, and may besubstituted or unsubstituted. Such amines, useful herein, includestearamido propyl dimethyl amine, diethyl amino ethyl stearamide,dimethyl stearamine, dimethyl soyamine, soyamine, myristyl amine,tridecyl amine, ethyl stearylamine, N-tallowpropane diamine, ethoxylated(with 5 moles of ethylene oxide) stearylamine, dihydroxy ethylstearylamine, and arachidylbehenylamine. Suitable amine salts includethe halogen, acetate, phosphate, nitrate, citrate, lactate, and alkylsulfate salts. Such salts include stearylamine hydrochloride, soyaminechloride, stearylamine formate, N-tallowpropane diamine dichloride,stearamidopropyl dimethylamine citrate, cetyl trimethyl ammoniumchloride and dicetyl diammonium chloride. Preferred for use in thecompositions herein is cetyl trimethyl ammonium chloride. Cationic aminesurfactants included among those useful in the present invention aredisclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 4,275,055, Nachtigal, et al., issued Jun. 23,1981, incorporated by reference herein.

Cationic surfactants are preferably utilized at levels of from about0.1% to about 10%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 5%, mostpreferably from about 0.3% to about 0.7%, by weight of the composition.

Fatty Alcohols

The hair care compositions of the present invention may also comprisefatty alcohols. Any fatty alcohol suitable for use in hair care may beused herein. However, preferred are C₈ to C₂₂, more preferred are C₁₂ toC₁₈, even more preferred are C₁₆, fatty alcohols.

Fatty alcohols are preferably utilized at levels of from about 0.1% toabout 20%, more preferably from about 0.25% to about 10%, mostpreferably from about 0.5% to about 5%, by weight of the composition.

If both fatty alcohol and cationic surfactant are present the ratio ofalcohol:surfactant is preferably in the range of from about 3:1 to about6:1, more preferably 4:1.

Water

The compositions of the present invention will also generally containwater. When present water will generally comprise from about 25% toabout 99%, preferably from about 50% to about 98%, more preferably fromabout 65% to about 95%, by weight, of the total composition.

Additional Components

The compositions herein can contain a variety of other optionalcomponents suitable for rendering such compositions more cosmetically oraesthetically acceptable or to provide them with additional usagebenefits. Such conventional optional ingredients are well-known to thoseskilled in the art.

A wide variety of additional ingredients can be formulated into thepresent composition. These include: other hair conditioning ingredientssuch as panthenol, panthetine, pantotheine, panthenyl ethyl ether, andcombinations thereof; other solvents such as hexylene glycol; hair-holdpolymers such as those described in WO-A-94/08557, herein incorporatedby reference; detersive surfactants such as anionic, nonionic,amphoteric, and zwitterionic surfactants; additional viscosity modifiersand suspending agents such as xanthan gum, guar gum, hydroxyethylcellulose, triethanolamine, methyl cellulose, starch and starchderivatives; viscosity modifiers such as methanolamides of long chainfatty acids such as cocomonoethanol amide; crystalline suspendingagents; pearlescent aids such as ethylene glycol distearate; opacifierssuch as polystyrene; preservatives such as phenoxyethanol, benzylalcohol, methyl paraben, propyl paraben, imidazolidinyl urea and thehydantoins; polyvinyl alcohol; ethyl alcohol; pH adjusting agents, suchas lactic acid, citric acid, sodium citrate, succinic acid, phosphoricacid, sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate; salts, in general, such aspotassium acetate and sodium chloride; colouring agents, such as any ofthe FD&C or D&C dyes; hair oxidising (bleaching) agents, such ashydrogen peroxide, perborate and persulfate salts; hair reducing agents,such as the thioglycolates; perfumes; sequestering agents, such astetrasodium ethylenediamine tetra-acetate; anti-dandruff agents such aszinc pyrithione (ZPT), sulfur, selenium sulfide, coal tar, piroctoneolamine, ketoconazole, climbazole, salicylic acid; antioxidants/ultraviolet filtering agents such as octyl methoxycinnamate, benzophenone-3and DL-alpha tocopherol acetate and polymer plasticizing agents, such asglycerine, diisobutyl adipate, butyl stearate, and propylene glycol.Such optional ingredients generally are used individually at levels fromabout 0.001% to about 10.0%, preferably from about 0.01% to about 5.0%by weight of the composition.

Product Forms

The hair care compositions of the present invention can be formulated ina wide variety of product forms, including but not limited to creams,gels, aerosol or non-aerosol foams, mousses and sprays. Mousses, foamsand sprays can be formulated with propellants such as propane, butane,pentane, dimethylether, hydrofluorocarbon, CO₂, N₂O, or withoutspecifically added propellants (using air as the propellant in a pumpspray or pump foamer package).

Method of Use

The hair care compositions of the present invention may be used in aconventional manner for care of human hair. An effective amount of thecomposition, typically from about 1 gram to about 50 grams, preferablyfrom about 1 gram to about 20 grams, is applied to the hair. Applicationof the composition typically includes working the composition throughthe hair, generally with the hands and fingers, or with a suitableimplement such as a comb or brush, to ensure good coverage. Thecomposition is then left on the hair, generally until the consumer nextwashes their hair.

The preferred method of treating the hair therefore comprises the stepsof:

(a) applying an effective amount of the hair care composition to wet,damp or dry hair,

(b) working the hair care composition into the hair with hands andfingers or with a suitable implement.

The method can, optionally, comprise a further step of rinsing the hairwith water.

EXAMPLES

The following examples further illustrate the preferred embodimentswithin the scope of the present invention. The examples are given solelyfor the purposes of illustration and are not to be construed aslimitations of the present invention as many variations of the inventionare possible without departing from its spirit or scope. All ingredientsare expressed on a weight percentage of the active ingredient.

Examples I (% wt)

I (Spray) Water qs Cationic Polymer of 0.075 hydroxyethyl cellulose¹trisodium citrate 0.70 PEG 60 hydrogenated 0.80 castor oil² lactic acid0.10 phenoxyethanol 0.20 CI 42045 (Acid blue 1) 0.0001 Perfume 0.10¹Polymer having a charge density of 1.93 meq/g and wt average mol. wt of1.25 million. Available from Amerchol. ²Cremophor RH-60 supplied by BASF

The cationic polymer and the trisodium citrate are added to water andstirred thoroughly at ambient conditions until a homogenous solution isobtained. All the other ingredients are then mixed together and added tothe homogenous solution. The resulting solution is then stirred untilhomogenous.

Example II (% wt)

II (Mousse) Water qs Cationic Polymer of 0.30 hydroxyethyl cellulose¹trisodium citrate 0.10 PEG 60 hydrogenated 0.10 castor oil² CAPB³ 0.30lactic acid 0.02 phenoxyethanol 0.30 Perfume 0.25 ¹Polymer having acharge density of 1.93 meq/g and wt average mol. wt of 1.25 million.Available from Amerchol. ²Cremaphor RH-60 supplied by BASF ³TegobetaineF supplied by Goldschmidt

The cationic polymer and the trisodium citrate are added to water andstirred thoroughly at ambient conditions until a homogenous solution isobtained. All the other ingredients are then mixed together and added tothe homogenous solution. The resulting solution is then stirred untilhomogenous. The resulting product is then packaged in a pressurisedaerosol container with volatile propellant (propane, butane, etc.) at afill ratio 10-15 parts concentrate to 1 part propellant.

Examples III-IV (% wt)

III IV (Cream) (Cream) Water qs qs — Carbomer¹ 1.00 — A Acrylates/C10-30alkyl — 0.60 A acrylate cross polymer² Cationic Polymer of 1.00 0.10 Bhydroxyethyl cellulose¹¹ methyl parabens 0.08 — C propyl parabens 0.04 —C Cetyl alcohol³ 2.40 1.00 C Stearyl alcohol 0.50 C Cetrimmoniumchloride⁴ 0.60 — C PEG 60 hydrogenated castor 0.05 — C oil⁵ AmmoniumLauryl Sulphate⁶ 0.10 — C PEG100 stearate⁷ — 0.13 C Ethanol (denatured)— 30.00  D Camphor 0.10 — D I-isopulegol⁸ — 0.50 D Polyquaternium 4⁹0.10 — D 2-phenylpropyl M'Q resin¹⁰ — 0.50 D lactic acid — 0.15 Dphenoxyethanol 0.20 0.20 D tetra sodium EDTA 0.01 — D citric acid 0.10 —D Perfume 0.60 1.00 D Triethanolamine 0.40 0.40 E ¹Carbopol Ultrez 10supplied by BF Goodrich) ²Pemulen TR2 supplied by BF Goodrich ³CrodacolC-95 supplied by Croda Inc. ⁴Dehyquat A supplied by Henkel ⁵CremophorRH-60 supplied by BASF. ⁶Empicol AL 30/T supplied by Albright & Wilson⁷Myrj 59 supplied by ICI Surfactants ⁸Coolact P supplied by Takasago⁹Celquat L200 suppiied by National Starch ¹⁰Prepared according toGB-A-2,297,775 ¹¹Polymer having charge density of 1.93 meq/g and wtaverage mol. wt of 1.25 million. Available from Amerchol.

Ingredients A are solubilized in water and then heated to 80° C. All ofingredients C are then added and the resulting mixture cooled byrecirculation to 30° C. through a plate heat exchanger with simultaneoushigh shear mixing. Batch Cooling rate is maintained at between 1.0 and1.5° C./min. All of ingredients D are then added and 50% of ingredientE, the triethanolamine. This mixture is then stirred until homogenous.Ingredient B is then solubilized in water and added to the main mix.This mixture is then subjected to high shear mixing until homogenousparticle size distribution is achieved. Recirculation is then stopped toprevent shear stress damage to product during completion ofneutralisation.

The remaining ingredient E, triethanolamine, is added until thespecified pH and viscosity is achieved.

Example V (% wt)

V (Lotion) Water qs — methyl parabens 0.50 A propyl parabens 0.40 ACetyl alcohol¹ 1.60 A Cetrimmonium chloride² 0.40 A PEG 60 hydrogenatedcastor oil³ 0.10 A Cationic Polymer of hydroxyethyl 0.20 B cellulose⁵Dimethicone⁴ 0.20 C Styryl M'Q resin 0.20 C zinc pyrithione 0.03 C octylmethoxycinnamate 0.10 C benzophenone-3 0.02 C DL-alpha tocopherolacetate 0.03 C DMDM hydantoin 0.05 C tetra sodium EDTA 0.30 C citricacid 0.20 C Perfume 0.40 C ¹Crodacol C-95 supplied by Croda Inc.²Dehyquat A supplied by Henkel ³Cremophor RH-60 supplied by BASF ⁴DC200supplied by Dow Corning ⁵Polymer having charge density of 1.93 meq/g andwt average mol. Wt of 1.25 million. Available from Amerchol.

Ingredients A are solubilized in water and then heated to 80° C. Theresulting mixture cooled to 30° C. through a plate heat exchanger withsimultaneous high shear mixing. The cooling rate is maintained atbetween 1.0 and 1.5° C./min. All of ingredients C are then added. Thismixture is then stirred until homogenous. Ingredient B is thensolubilized in water and added to the main mix. This mixture is thensubjected to high shear mixing until homogenous particle sizedistribution is achieved.

What is claimed is:
 1. A hair care composition comprising: a) cationicpolymers and/or copolymers of saccharides wherein the cationicsaccharide has a charge density of greater than about 1.5 meq/g; and b)less than about 5%, by weight, of an anionic surfactant.
 2. A hair carecomposition according to claim 1 wherein the cationic saccharide has acharge density less than about 5 meq/g.
 3. A hair care compositionaccording to claim 1 or 2 wherein the composition is a ‘leave-on’conditioner.
 4. A hair care composition according to any one of thepreceding wherein the cationic saccharide has an average molecularweight of from about 5000 to about 10 million.
 5. A hair carecomposition according to any one of the preceding claims wherein thecationic saccharide is selected from cationic polymers and copolymers ofcellulose derivatives.
 6. A hair care composition according to any oneof the preceding claims wherein the cationic saccharide is a cationicpolymer of hydroxyethylcellulose.
 7. A hair care composition accordingto any one of the preceding claims wherein the cationic saccharidecomprises from about 1% to about 10%, by weight, of cationic nitrogen.8. A hair care composition according to any one of the preceding claimswherein the cationic saccharide comprises from about 0.001% to about20%, by weight, of the total composition.
 9. A hair compositionaccording to any one of the preceding claims wherein the compositionfurther comprises a silicone conditioning compound.
 10. A hair carecomposition according to claim 9 wherein the silicone conditioning agentis an aryl, alkaryl or arylalkyl modified silicone.
 11. A hair carecomposition according to claim 9 or 10 wherein the silicone conditioningagent is a resin.
 12. A hair care composition according to claim 11wherein the silicone resin has a viscosity of less than about 5000mm²s⁻¹.
 13. A hair care composition according to any one of thepreceding claims wherein the composition further comprises a C₁ to C₆aliphatic alcohol.
 14. A method of conditioning hair by applying to thehair an effective amount of a composition according to any one of thepreceding claims.
 15. A hair care composition comprising: a) cationicpolymers and/or copolymers of saccharides wherein the cationicsaccharide has a charge density of greater than about 1.8 meq/g; and b)less than about 2%, by weight, of an anionic surfactant.
 16. A hair carecomposition comprising; a) cationic polymers and/or copolymers ofsaccharides wherein the cationic saccharide has a charge density ofgreater than about 1.8 meq/g; and b) less than about 0%, by weight, ofan anionic surfactant.
 17. A hair care composition according to claim 1wherein the cationic saccharide has a charge density of less than about3.5 meq/g.
 18. A hair care composition according to claim 1 wherein thecationic saccharide has a charge density of less than about 2.2 meq/g.19. A hair care composition according to any one of the precedingwherein the cationic saccharide has an average molecular weight of fromabout 1 million to about 1.5 million.
 20. A hair care compositionaccording to any one of the preceding claims wherein the cationicsaccharide comprises from about 2.5% to about 2.9%, by weight, ofcationic nitrogen.
 21. A hair care composition according to any one ofthe preceding claims wherein the cationic saccharide comprises fromabout 0.01% to about 2%, by weight, of the total composition.
 22. A haircare composition according to any one of the preceding claims whereinthe cationic saccharide comprises from about 0.05% to about 1%, byweight, of the total composition.
 23. A hair care composition accordingto claim 10 wherein the silicone conditioning agent is an arylalkylmodified silicone.
 24. A hair care composition according to claim 9wherein the silicone resin has a viscosity of less than about 1000mm²s⁻¹.
 25. A hair care composition according to claim 24 wherein thesilicone resin has a viscosity of less than about 600 mm²s⁻¹.
 26. A haircare composition according to any one of the preceding claims whereinthe composition further comprises C₂ aliphatic alcohol.